FLUID MECHANICS
TYPES OF FLUIDS
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1. Newtons Law of Viscosity
Newtons Law of Viscosity states that the shear stress (τ) between two adjacent layers of a fluid
is directly proportional to the velocity gradient (dv/dy) between those two layers.
Mathematical Expression: τ ∝ (dv/dy) ⇒ τ = μ × (dv/dy)
Where:• τ (Tau) = Shear Stress acting at the interface interface area (Force / Area).
• dv/dy = Velocity gradient or rate of shear deformation.
• μ (Mu) = Proportionality constant named the Coefficient of Dynamic Viscosity.
| Fluid Type | Viscosity | Relation |
|---|---|---|
| Newtonian | Constant | τ ∝ dv/dy |
| Pseudoplastic | Decreases | Shear Thinning |
| Dilatant | Increases | Shear Thickening |
| Bingham Plastic | Requires Yield Stress | Linear after Yield |
Graphical representation of various types of fluids:
